BAPAK PANDU DUNIA

ROBERT BADEN POWELL

Disini, sebagai seorang pandu, aku saya akan menerangkan kepada anda tenteng biografi Robert Baden Powell, seorang tentara, penulis, dan juga ialah seorang perintis gerakan pramuka.

Baden-Powell dilahirkan di Paddington, London pada 1857. Dia adalah anak ke-6 dari 8 anak profesor Savilian yang mengajar geometri di Oxford. Ayahnya, pendeta Harry Baden-Powell, meninggal ketika dia berusia 3 tahun, dan ia dibesarkan oleh ibunya, Henrietta Grace smith, seorang wanita yang berketetapan bahwa anak-anaknya harus berhasil. Baden-Powell berkata tentang ibunya pada 1933, "Rahasia keberhasilan saya adalah ibu saya."
Selepas menghadiri Rose Hill School, Tunbridge Wells, Baden-Powell dianugerahi beasiswa untuk sekolah umum Charterhouse. Perkenalannya kepada kemahiran pramuka adalah memburu dan memasak hewan - dan menghindari guru - di hutan yang berdekatan, yang juga merupakan kawasan terlarang. Dia juga bermain piano dan biola, mampu melukis dengan baik dengan menggunakan kedua belah tangan dengan tangkas, dan gemar bermain drama. Masa liburan dihabiskan dengan ekspedisi belayar atau berkanu dengan saudara-saudaranya.
Dia mengarang beberapa buku, diantaranya yakni, jungle book, girl guides, scouiting for boys,aids to scouting, rovering to succes.
Pada tahun 1876, Baden-Powell bergabung dengan 13th Hussars di India. Pada tahun 1895 dia bertugas dengan dinas khusus di Afrika dan pulang ke India pada tahun 1897 untuk memimpin 5th Dragoon Guards.
Baden-Powell saling berlatih dan mengasah kemahiran kepanduannya dengan suku Zulu pada awal 1880-an di jajahan Natal Afrika Selatan di mana resimennya ditempatkan dan ia diberi penghargaan karena keberaniannya.ada 3 penghargaan yang diberi angkatan perang zulu yaitu:
• impressa: serigala yang tak pernah tidur. karena dia sering berjaga-jaga saat malam
• kantankye:orang pemakai topi lebar. karena dia selalu memaai topi lebar
• m'hlalapanzi:orang bertiarap yang siap menembak.
Kemahirannya mengagumkan dan dia kemudian dipindahkan ke dinas rahasia Inggris. Dia sering bertugas dengan menyamar sebagai pengumpul kupu-kupu, memasukkan rancangan instalasi militer ke dalam lukisan-lukisan sayap kupu-kupunya.
Baden-Powell kemudian ditempatkan di dinas rahasia selama 3 tahun di daerah Mediterania yang berbasis di Malta. Dia kemudian memimpin gerakan ketentaraannya yang berhasil di Ashanti, Afrika, dan pada usia 40 dipromosikan untuk memimpin 5th Dragoon Guards pada tahun 1897. Beberapa tahun kemudian, dia menulis buku panduan ringkas bertajuk "Aids to Scouting", ringkasan ceramah yang dia berikan mengenai peninjau ketentaraan, untuk membantu melatih perekrutan tentara baru. Menggunakan buku ini dan kaidah lain, ia melatih mereka untuk berpikir sendiri, menggunakan daya usaha sendiri, dan untuk bertahan hidup dalam hutan.
Baden-Powell kembali ke Afrika Selatan sebelum Perang Boer dan terlibat dalam beberapa tindakan melawan Zulu. Dinaikkan pangkatnya pada masa Perang Boer menjadi kolonel termuda dalam dinas ketentaraan Britania, dia bertanggung jawab untuk organisasi pasukan perintis yang membantu tentara biasa. Ketika merencanakan hal ini, dia terperangkap dalam pengepungan Mafeking, dan dikelilingi oleh tentara Boer yang melebihi 8.000 orang.
Baden-Powell melaksanakan kebanyakan kerja peninjauan secara pribadi dan membina pasukan kanak-kanak asli untuk berjaga dan membawa pesan-pesan, kadang menembus pertahanan lawan. Banyak dari anak-anak ini kehilangan nyawanya dalam melaksanakan tugas. Baden-Powell amat kagum dengan keberanian mereka. Pengepungan itu dibubarkan oleh Pembebasan Mafeking pada 16 Mei 1900. Naik pangkat sebagai Mayor Jendral, Baden-Powell menjadi pahlawan nasional.
Setelah mengurusi pasukan polisi Afrika Selatan Baden-Powell kembali ke Inggris untuk bertugas sebagai Inspektur Jendral pasukan berkuda pada tahun 1903.

ROBERT BADEN POWELL

Here, as a scouter, I will explain you about a biography of Robert Baden Powell, an army, writer, and also a founder a world scout movement.
Baden Powell was born in Paddington, London at 1857. He is a 6th son from 8 sons of professor Savilian who teach geometric at Oxford. His father, clergyman Harry Baden Powell, dead when he was 3rd years old, and he expanted of his mother, Henrietta Grace Smith, a woman who constanted that all of her son must be success. Baden Powell said about his mom at 1933 in his book “ My Success Secret and My Mom”.
After he attented Rose Hill School, Tunbridge Wells, Baden Powell is stowed scholarship for study in Charterhouse Senior High School. His introduction of his skill in boy scout was hunting and cooking also in the forest which was prohibited area. He also played piano and biolin, can paint well with used his hand hard, and like played drama. In holiday, he over with some expedition with his brothers.
He chared ome books, one of them is, Jungle book, Girl Guides, Scouting for Boys, Aids to Scouting, Revoring to Succes.
At 1876th, Baden Powell joined with 13th Hussars in India. At 1895th he worked with specific military service in Africa and go back to India at 1897th for lend 5th Dragons Guards.
Baden Powell one another mutual trained and sharpened his scout skill with Zulu race at began 1880th in Christmast Colony South Africa which his legitimate placed and he is given appreciation because his brave. There was 3 appreciation was given of Zulu’s armed forced :
● impressa : A wolf never sleep, because he often be on one’s guard at night
● kantankye : The one who use large cap, because he always used large cap
● m’hlalapanzi : The one who lie prone ready to shoot
His skill was wonderful and then he is moved to England military service secret. He often worked with disguised as butterfly founder, took military installation scheme into his butterfly wings painting.
And then, Baden Powell is placed in secret military service a long 3 years at Mediterania territory which the center at Malta. Then, he lead his military movement which succeded in Ashanti, Africa, and in 40th years old promoted for lead 5th Dragoon Guard at 1897th. A long years then, he wrote a summary manner editorial “ Aids to Scouting”, Lecture summary which he gave concered army observer, for help train take a new army. Used this book, and others manner, he trained them for think by him self, use his labor, and for defend one self alive in the forest.
Baden Powell came back to South Africa before Boer war and involved in some actions versus Zulu. Increased his position at Boer war period be the youngest captain in Britania military service, he responsibilitied to Piooner Troop Organitation which helped The Common Army. While planned this matter, he is catched in besiege Mafeking, and arounded by Boer army more 8000 people.
Baden Powell did any observed according by self and teached primitive child troop for kept and brought messages, sometimes punched defence oppenet. Some child losted his soul to doing his work. Baden Powell very amazed with them bravery. That besiege is dispersed by Mafeking Freedom at 16th Mei 1900. Ascend position as General Major, Baden Powell be a national hero.
After uncared for South Africa’s police troop, Baden Powell came back for work as General Inspector horses toop at 1903.


Pesan terakhir pada Pramuka

THE following messages were found amongst B.-P.'s papers after his death.

TO BOY SCOUTS:
Dear Scouts,
—If you have ever seen the play Peter Pan you will remember how the pirate chief was always making his dying speech because he was afraid that possibly when the time came for him to die he might not have time to get it off his chest. It is much the same with me, and so, although I am not at this moment dying, I shall be doing so one of these days and I want to send you a parting word of good-bye.
Remember, it is the last you will ever hear from me, so think it over.
I have had a most happy life and I want each one of you to have as happy a life too.
I believe that God put us in this jolly world to be happy and enjoy life. Happiness doesn't come from being rich, nor merely from being successful in your career, nor by self-indulgence. One step towards happiness is to make yourself healthy and strong while you are a boy, so that you can be useful and so can enjoy life when you are a man.
Nature study will show you how full of beautiful and wonderful things God has made the world for you to enjoy. Be contented with what you have got and make the best of it. Look on the bright side of things instead of the gloomy one.
But the real way to get happiness is by giving out happiness to other people. Try and leave this world a little better than you found it and when your turn comes to die, you can die happy in feeling that at any rate you have not wasted your time but have done your best. "Be Prepared" in this way, to live happy and to die happy—stick to your Scout promise always—even after you have ceased to be a boy—and God help you to do it.

Your Friend,
BADEN-POWELL